SERS光谱技术具有高检测灵敏度和高特异性的优点, 广泛应用于生物组织, 细胞及生物分子的研究, 表现出极大的应用潜力。本文首先介绍了拉曼及SERS光谱技术的原理, 综述了SERS光谱技术在人体体液分析检测的研究概况, 特别介绍了本课题组针对血液、精液、尿液开展的研究工作, 最后简要讨论SERS光谱技术的发展前景。

高空间分辨率的共聚焦显微拉曼光谱技术从分子水平上提供了生物分子成分和结构的指纹性信息。以鼻咽癌细胞株C666-1、CNE2和正常鼻咽细胞株NP69为对象，利用拉曼光谱探索和分析癌细胞株与正常细胞株之间的差别。结果表明：谱峰比I1449/I1657(1.10)可以准确地将鼻咽癌与正常鼻咽细胞株分成两组，这一结论与相关支气管癌组织的报道结果一致；此外，采用主成分分析方法说明3种细胞株的拉曼光谱之间存在统计学差异，并以线性判别分析方法对其进行统计划分，灵敏度和特异性分别达到90%和100%。这些结论可以为拉曼光谱技术用于NPC的临床诊断提供依据，并有可能为鼻咽癌的早期诊断提供有益参考。

测试研究了党参中药材不同部位的拉曼光谱、党参煎剂的拉曼光谱以及党参煎剂的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。党参煎剂在银胶中的SERS信号明显增强。测试了党参煎剂、银胶以及党参煎剂与银胶混合体的吸收光谱,探讨了党参煎剂在银胶上的吸附特性及表面增强机理,并对所获得的党参煎剂的SERS信号进行初步谱峰归属。研究表明,SERS可能为党参煎剂或其他中成药生产、质量监控提供一种直接、快速、准确的检测新方法。

We report the surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) spectra of morphine in silver colloid, and study the silver colloid enhanced effects on the Raman scattering of morphine. The Raman bands of morphine are assigned to certain molecule vibrations. The broad band in the long-wavelength region of the electronic absorption spectra of the sol with added adsorbent at certain concentrations has been explained in terms of the aggregation of the colloidal silver particles. The potential applications of SERS in quantitative measurement of the morphine samples are demonstrated. By using a proper Raman band of morphine, the detection limit of morphine in silver sol is found to be 1.5 ng/ml. The result suggests that it is of great significance to use SERS in illicit drug morphine inspection.

抑制血管生成是肿瘤治疗的重要方法之一,若能从分子水平检测血管损伤的机制,对治疗将更具指导意义。拉曼光谱是一种无损、信息非常丰富的光谱技术,可以应用于固态、溶液或液态的生物分子分析。基于激光共焦拉曼光谱技术设计一方案,测量分析了鸡胚微血管在抗血管药物沙利度胺作用前后的拉曼光谱。加药5 h与对照组血管的平均拉曼谱在位置和形状上类似,但某些特征峰在强度上却发生变化,如波数1441 cm-1,1527 cm-1及1657 cm-1的强度明显增强而971 cm-1和1081 cm-1的强度明显减弱,这些变化可能是药物作用血管后,使血管内的核酸、蛋白质、磷脂等重要生物分子在结构或含量上发生了不同的改变而引起的。研究结果表明拉曼光谱有可能成为从分子水平分析抗血管生成药物对血管作用的一种有效方法。

提出一种基于Osher-Sole-Vese(OSV)模型的迭代规则化医学图像去噪方法。该方法使用迭代规则化方式,通过加入分解出的纹理和细节震动信号以修正原始OSV模型的全变分去噪结果,在一定程度上克服了医学图像去噪过程中对细节和纹理信息的过渡平滑。同时给出了迭代规则化医学图像去噪方法的实现步骤。实验结果表明,新方法能较好地保护医学图像的细节和纹理信息。

The Raman spectra from leukemic cell line (HL60) and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are obtained by confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy using near-infrared laser (785 nm) excitation. The scanning range is from 500 to 2000 cm^{-1}. The two average Raman spectra of normal PBMCs and carcinoma cells have clear differences because their structure and amount of nucleic acid, protein, and other major molecules are changed. The spectra are also compared and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) to demonstrate the two distinct clusters of normal and transformed cells. The sensitivity of this technique for identifying transformed cells is 100%.

介绍了拉曼光谱测量技术在人体皮肤、血液、乳腺、胃、肺等组织疾病诊断中的研究概况,同时介绍了拉曼测量新技术的发展概况,展望了它的发展前景。

A novel and compact near-infrared (NIR) Raman system is developed using 785-nm diode laser, volume-phase technology (VPT) holographic system, and NIR intensified charge-coupled device (CCD). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and resolution are improved compared with ordinary acquisition method by a specially designed optical fiber detector and the spectrograph image aberration correction with a parabolic-line fiber array. In 1-5 s, Raman spectra of different parts of Chinese human skin are acquired. Autofluorescence is subtracted from the raw spectrum by polynomial fitting and skin Raman spectrum is then smoothed for further analysis.